Oxytocin
Approved medicineGet notified when the evidence changes.
The FDA has approved a version of this as a medicine, so it has been through large studies in people.
Compiled and reviewed by the PeptideSearch Editorial Team · Status checked 2026-08-04
Also called Pitocin / Syntocinon
An approved hospital drug used in childbirth. Also studied for social behavior and bonding.
Official status: Pharmacies may compound it · Checked 2026-08-04
Can a doctor prescribe this?
- Small pharmacy (503A)
- Never put forward to FDA
- Large outsourcing facility (503B)
- Category 1 — under review, allowed for now
An approved prescription drug. Compounded intranasal forms are a separate and less settled question.
Why both lines above can be true: this compound is the active ingredient of a drug the FDA has already approved, and a pharmacy may compound with a bulk substance that is “a component of a drug approved by the Secretary” — a separate route in the law from the list of substances put forward for review. So it never had to be nominated for that list. The wording is in section 503A(b)(1)(A)(i)(II) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 353a). The substance must also be made by an FDA-registered establishment and come with a certificate of analysis for each lot.
503A is a pharmacy making a single prescription for one patient. 503B is a facility making batches. They are governed by separate lists. Where a category is shown, it is a position on the FDA's list of substances that have been put forward and are still being worked through — not the final list, which is set by rulemaking. Category 1 means the FDA does not plan to act against a pharmacy that makes it while the review runs.
Lab suppliers we list: 11
Doses used in research
Taken word for word from the studies and trials listed on this page. This is not a recommendation and not a dose for anyone to take.
This is a sample, not the whole literature.
About 72,000 papers mentioning this compound have been published. We show a selected sample of 110 of them, not the full literature. How we choose them · count checked 2026-08-23
- Study in peopleImpact of oxytocin discontinuation on fetal heart rate and uterine contractility: A pre-specified ancillary analysis embedded within a randomized trial.
Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2026
- Study in peopleOral calcium carbonate as an adjunct to oxytocin infusion for labor induction: a randomized controlled pilot study on feasibility and acceptability.
American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM · 2026
- Study in peopleReproductive hormone stability with prolonged intranasal oxytocin in adults with obesity.
International journal of obesity (2005) · 2026
- Study in peopleOxytocin reduces anger bias, harm-intention recognition, and self-focus in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled crossover trial.
Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026
- Study in peopleAssociation between salivary oxytocin concentration and social loneliness in older adults: Findings from an uncontrolled pre-post multimodal intervention study.
Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2026
- Study in peopleOxytocin substitution therapy in patients with AVP deficiency (central diabetes insipidus): study protocol of a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial.
BMJ open · 2026
- Study in peopleThe impact of intranasal oxytocin administration and social observation on time perception and task execution in a simple motor task.
Psychological research · 2026
- Study in peopleIntranasal Oxytocin and Physical Intimacy for Dermatological Wound Healing and Neuroendocrine Stress: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
JAMA psychiatry · 2026
- Study in peopleEffect of oral calcium carbonate on uterine contractility: a pilot randomised controlled trial.
Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology : the journal of the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology · 2026
- Study in peopleA phase 1 evaluation of inhaled oxytocin: Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model informed dosing of a novel heat-stable oxytocin delivery system.
British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026
- Study in peopleOxytocin Modulates Inhibitory Control via Neural-Temporal Mechanisms.
Psychophysiology · 2026
- Study in peopleComparison of the hemodynamic effects of ropivacaine versus bupivacaine for elective cesarean delivery under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia: a randomized controlled trial.
BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026
- Study in peopleComparison of acute effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) with and without a supplemental booster dose in healthy participants: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study.
Translational psychiatry · 2026
- Study in peopleIntranasal Oxytocin for Alcohol Use Disorder: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Multisite Trial Assessing Efficacy and Safety.
Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2026
- Study in peopleEffects of intranasal oxytocin on fear, pain and aversive memory.
Neuropeptides · 2026
- Study in peopleA pilot study on the role of the oxytocinergic system in gut microbiome composition in children with autism: baseline associations and effects of intranasal oxytocin.
Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026
- Study in peopleOxytocin alone versus oxytocin plus papaverine for labor induction in primiparous women after catheter ripening: a randomized controlled trial.
American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM · 2026
- Study in peopleIdentification of intranasal oxytocin plasma proteome signatures.
Endocrine · 2026
- Study in peopleThe effect of intranasal oxytocin on the neuropsychological substrates of intergroup categorization.
Brain imaging and behavior · 2026
- Study in peopleThe effects of oxytocin and carbetocin on hemostatic parameters in women after spontaneous vaginal delivery: a randomized trial.
Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992) · 2026
- Study in peopleEffects of intranasal oxytocin combined with resistance training on testosterone, cortisol, fatigue, and skin temperature in paralympic powerlifting athletes.
European journal of applied physiology · 2026
- Study in peopleDetermining the Optimal Volume of Ropivacaine Combined with Dexmedetomidine for Programmed Intermittent Epidural Bolus in Labor Analgesia: A Randomized Dose-Response Study.
Drug design, development and therapy · 2026
- Study in peopleProphylactic oxytocin infusion for reducing blood loss during elective caesarean delivery: A randomised controlled trial.
The Indian journal of medical research · 2026
- Study in peopleIntramyometrial injection versus intravenous infusion of oxytocin for maintaining uterine contractility during elective caesarean delivery in a randomised controlled trial.
Scientific reports · 2026
- Study in peopleAcute placebo responsiveness predicts longitudinal expectation effects in antidepressant treatment.
Translational psychiatry · 2026
- Study in peoplePost-encoding administration of oxytocin selectively enhances memory consolidation of male faces in females.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
- Study in peopleEnhanced Recovery and Postoperative Analgesia After Laparoscopic Myomectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Total Intravenous Anesthesia, Transversus Abdominis Plane Block with Rectus Sheath Block, and Quadratus Lumborum Block.
Drug design, development and therapy · 2026
- Study in peopleIntravenous Oxytocin Has no Effect on Ad Libitum Food Intake or Postprandial Plasma Glucose Concentrations in Individuals With Obesity: A Randomised, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Crossover Study.
Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026
- Study in peopleImpact of chronic oxytocin on gaze and pupil dynamics during live dyadic interactions in children with autism.
Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2026
- Study in peopleRationale, design, and statistical analysis plan for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of Limosilactobacillus reuteri to support mother-infant bonding and maternal socioemotional functioning in postpartum women at increased risk for postpartum depression.
Contemporary clinical trials · 2026
- Study in peopleFeasibility study examining the short-term effects of Sonic Augmentation Technology™.
Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026
- Study in peopleOxytocin receptor antagonism in migraine: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled provocation study.
The journal of headache and pain · 2026
- Study in peopleProphylactic tranexamic acid for the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage in women with placenta praevia: multicentre, double blind, randomised, placebo controlled, phase 3 trial.
BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2026
- Study in peopleModified Single-Side-Lying Quadratus Lumborum Block Combined with Liposomal Bupivacaine versus Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Post-Cesarean Analgesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Drug design, development and therapy · 2026
- Study in peopleEffect of increased oxytocin doses on the mode of delivery in obese primiparous women with spontaneous or induced labour. A double-blind, randomised, controlled trial (PROXYMA).
BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026
- Study in peopleAcute dose-dependent effects of 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-B) compared with 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and psilocybin in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study in healthy participants.
Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026
- Study in peopleCarbetocin versus oxytocin with or without tranexamic acid for preventing postpartum hemorrhage in cesarean delivery: a randomized controlled trial.
BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026
- Study in peopleThe effect of intranasal oxytocin on theory of mind in children with attention deficit/hyperactive disorder.
Journal of psychiatric research · 2026
- Study in people[Boosting oxytocin in postpartum depression].
Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde · 2026
- Study in peopleMembrane sweeping vs double-balloon catheter for cervical ripening: a randomized controlled trial.
American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM · 2026
- Study in peopleEffects of intranasal oxytocin on fear extinction learning.
Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025
- Study in peopleOxytocin does not impact forced-choice recognition memory in an experimental trauma film paradigm with healthy women.
Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025
- Study in peopleRandom forest and Shapley Additive exPlanations predict oxytocin targeted effects on brain functional networks involved in salience and sensorimotor processing, in a randomized clinical trial in autism.
Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025
- Study in peopleThe role of oxytocin in enhancing group-based guilt and promoting intergroup reconciliation in a collectivist context.
Hormones and behavior · 2025
- Study in peopleResults of the RE-DINO multicenter randomized trial on the repeated use of vaginal dinoprostone (Propess®) for labor induction in patients at term.
American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM · 2024
- Data from people, not a trialHigher maternal body mass index is associated with increased oxytocin requirements during induction of labor: a population-based cohort study.
American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM · 2026
- Data from people, not a trialTime of day of induction impacts the total duration of labor.
American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM · 2026
- Data from people, not a trialInteraction between time-of-day and oxytocin efficacy in mice and humans with and without gestational diabetes.
Molecular metabolism · 2026
- Data from people, not a trialOxytocin Use During Labour: An Analysis of Canadian Medico-legal Obstetrical Case Files.
Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada : JOGC = Journal d'obstetrique et gynecologie du Canada : JOGC · 2026
- Data from people, not a trialA Swift Solution: Early Removal of the JADA Device in the Management of Postpartum Hemorrhage.
Cureus · 2026
- Data from people, not a trialFailure of Sequential JADA® Devices in Major Postpartum Hemorrhage Requiring Emergent Supracervical Hysterectomy: A Case Report.
Cureus · 2026
- Data from people, not a trialSecondary Postpartum Hemorrhage Following Vaginal Birth After Cesarean (VBAC) Successfully Managed With the JADA® System.
Cureus · 2026
- Data from people, not a trialBiological modulators of treatment outcome during psychiatric care: The interplay between inflammation and oxytocin.
Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2026
- Data from people, not a trialIntranasal oxytocin modulates the social salience network in adult men with autism
2026
- Data from people, not a trialReplacing Routine Oxytocin Infusion With Single-Dose Carbetocin at Elective Caesarean Section: A Service Improvement Evaluation of Postpartum Haemorrhage Outcomes.
Cureus · 2026
- Data from people, not a trialComparison of Materno-Neonatal Outcomes Between Cook Balloon and Prostaglandin Methods in Labor Induction Among Pregnancies Complicated by Fetal Growth Restriction: A Retrospective Cohort Study from France.
Journal of clinical medicine · 2026
- Data from people, not a trialRelation between serum oxytocin levels and impulsivity in patients under treatment for alcohol use disorder.
International journal of psychiatry in clinical practice · 2026
- Data from people, not a trialComparative Study of the Effectiveness of Double Priming Agents in Cervical Ripening and Induction of Labor in Nulliparas.
Cureus · 2025
- Data from people, not a trialAccess to oxytocin, misoprostol, heat-stable carbetocin and tranexamic acid for management of postpartum haemorrhage in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, India and Kenya: a cross-sectional survey of drug availability and pricing.
BMJ open · 2025
- Data from people, not a trialChildhood Maltreatment, Labor Duration, and Intrapartum Synthetic Oxytocin Dose and Duration: A Potential Oxytocin-Linked Contributor to Labor Outcomes in Black Birthing People.
Journal of midwifery & women's health · 2025
- Animal study, rats or miceTime-of-Day Impacts Uterine Circadian Rhythms and Response to Oxytocin: Comparison of Uterine Function in Melatonin-Deficient C57BL/6 Versus Melatonin Proficient CBA/B6 Hybrid Mice.
Journal of pineal research · 2026
- Animal study, rats or miceGene-environment interaction between perinatal oxytocin exposure and Pten mutation shapes epigenetic reprogramming of oxytocin signaling and behavior in mice.
Neurobiology of disease · 2026
- Animal study, rats or miceTocolytic activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of Peperomia galioides Kunth (congona) leaves in non-pregnant rat uterus.
Revista peruana de medicina experimental y salud publica · 2026
- Dog studyClinical and neurobiological effects of real-life and virtual animal-assisted interventions for patients with depression.
Psychiatry research · 2026
- Animal study, rats or miceComparative atlas of PVN oxytocin and vasopressin systems reveals sex-conserved input-output wiring.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
- Animal study, rats or miceStable clique membership in male mouse societies requires oxytocin-enabled social sensory states.
Nature communications · 2026
- Animal study, larger animalsThe origin of acetylcholine released from guinea-pig intestine and longitudinal muscle strips.
The Journal of physiology · 1968
- Animal study, larger animalsThe isolation of the native hormone-binding proteins from bovine pituitary posterior lobes. Crystallization of neurophysin-I and-II as complexes with [8-arginine]-vasopressin.
The Biochemical journal · 1968
- Animal study, larger animalsAn afferent pathway for the selective release of vasopressin in response to carotid occlusion and haemorrhage in the cat.
The Journal of physiology · 1967
- Lab dish studyOxytocin Affects Barriergenesis in the Blood-Brain Barrier and the Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier In Vitro Monoculture Transwell Models.
Developmental neurobiology · 2026
- Studied in plants, bacteria or fungi, not animalsPEPTIDES AND OTHER NITROGEN SOURCES FOR GROWTH OF BACTEROIDES RUMINICOLA.
Journal of bacteriology · 1964
- Lab test method, not a health studyPARTITION CHROMATOGRAPHY OF OXYTOCIN ON 'SEPHADEX'.
Nature · 1964
- Hypothesis, not a tested studyIntranasal oxytocin modulates brain activity during emotional processing in children with treatment resistant conduct problems.
Scientific reports · 2025
- Hypothesis, not a tested studyA possible role for the adenylcyclase system in insulin secretion.
The Journal of clinical investigation · 1967
- Drug information page, not a studyOxytocin
2006
- The role of the oxytocinergic system in oral microbiome composition in children with autism: evidence from a randomized controlled trial of intranasal oxytocin.
Translational psychiatry · 2026
- A Quality-Improvement Study Evaluating Three Postpartum Prophylactic Oxytocin Rates and Blood Loss After Vaginal Birth.
Obstetrics and gynecology · 2026
- Promoting self-compassion meditation with intranasal oxytocin in borderline personality disorder: a pilot study.
Psychiatry research · 2026
- Oxytocin promotes advantageous inequity preference by modulating the fairness norm enforcement system
2026
- A key gene modulating oxytocin efficacy in autism: genome-wide discovery and verification in randomized controlled trials datasets.
Molecular psychiatry · 2026
- Early versus late combined amniotomy and oxytocin after mechanical cervical ripening-a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.
The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians · 2026
- Comparison of the effects of intrauterine and rectal misoprostol combined with oxytocin versus oxytocin alone on postpartum hemorrhage: A randomized controlled trial.
Medicine · 2026
- Oxytocin discontinuation after the active phase of induced labour: an overview of systematic reviews.
Maternal health, neonatology and perinatology · 2026
- Association of postpartum oxytocin dose and postpartum bleeding outcomes in nulliparous patients at term.
American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2025
- Before pregnancy trauma primes oxytocin receptor expression in placenta during superstorm sandy.
Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2025
- Assessing blood flow in uterine fibroids using intravoxel incoherent motion imaging compared with dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI.
Scientific reports · 2025
- Predicting oxytocin binding dynamics in receptor genetic variants through computational modeling.
npj women's health · 2025
- Nasal dominance potentiates intranasal oxytocin's anxiolytic effects.
Scientific reports · 2025
- Standardization of labor induction management: A mixed-methods evaluation of the clinician perspective.
Pregnancy (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025
- Oxytocin: Not "just a female hormone": A very special issue and a very special molecule.
Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2024
- Understanding the effects of oxytocin receptor variants on OXT–OXT receptor binding: A mathematical model
2024
- No abstract available, not yet classifiedLabor induction in the age of TikTok: what are influencers teaching patients about oxytocin infusion?
American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM · 2023
- No abstract available, not yet classifiedSynthesis by the Merrifield method of a protected nonapeptide amide with the amino acid sequence of oxytocin.
Journal of the American Chemical Society · 1968
- No abstract available, not yet classified[The modification of lactation by oral oxytocin tablets].
Praxis · 1968
- No abstract available, not yet classified[Desaminooxytocin (ODA 914) in practical obstetrics].
Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift · 1968
- No abstract available, not yet classifiedA highly potent analogue of oxytocin, desamino-oxytocin.
The Journal of biological chemistry · 1962
- No abstract available, not yet classifiedOxytocin and contractility of the pregnant human uterus.
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 1959
- Active sodium transport by the isolated toad bladder.
The Journal of general physiology · 1958
- No abstract available, not yet classifiedThe sequence of amino acids in oxytocin, with a proposal for the structure of oxytocin.
The Journal of biological chemistry · 1953
- Review of earlier workComparative genomic analysis of oxytocin and oxytocin receptor genes in the family Equidae.
Molecular biology reports · 2026
- Review of earlier workBreastfeeding in panhypopituitarism: a case report, review of the literature, and management checklist.
International breastfeeding journal · 2026
- Review of earlier workObjective monitoring of postpartum uterine activity: a systematic scoping review.
Frontiers in medicine · 2026
- Review of earlier workAn Appraisal of Labor Augmentation: An Update on Current Evidence and Practice.
Maternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.) · 2026
- Review of earlier workThe Effect of Intranasal Oxytocin on Social Interaction in Adults and Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Alpha psychiatry · 2026
- Review of earlier workEffects of Intranasal Oxytocin Across Various Depressive Disorders.
Psychiatry investigation · 2025
- Review of earlier workOxytocin in old age psychiatry: A systematic review of the safety of using intranasal oxytocin in older adults.
Australasian psychiatry : bulletin of Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists · 2025
- Review of earlier workMisoprostol Versus Oxytocin for Labor Induction in Term Prelabor Rupture of Membranes: A Systematic Review of Their Efficacy and Safety.
Cureus · 2025
- Review of earlier workPostpartum Haemorrhage Burden, Management and Challenges in Malaysia: A Scoping Review and Expert Recommendations for Effective Management.
Cureus · 2025
- Review of earlier workOxytocin in neurodevelopmental disorders: Autism spectrum disorder and Prader-Willi syndrome.
Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2024
- Review of earlier workOxytocin and Women Postpartum Depression: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2023
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What has happened so far
- 21 March 2025503B
FDA lists "Oxytocin" under 503B Category 1: Bulk Drug Substances Under Evaluation. Category 1 means FDA does not intend to act against an outsourcing facility compounding it while the evaluation continues; it is not the final 503B Bulks List. Read from the FDA 503B category document dated March 21, 2025.