Melanotan II
Animal studies onlyGet notified when the evidence changes.
Almost all the research is in animals. We do not know if the same thing happens in people.
Compiled and reviewed by the PeptideSearch Editorial Team · Status checked 2026-04-22
Also called MT-2 / MT-II / Melanotan 2
A lab-made peptide that darkens skin. It is not approved anywhere and has well-documented side effects.
The basics
- What is it?
- A lab-made peptide that switches on the pathway that darkens skin.
- What do we know?
- It does darken skin, and it has clear side effects such as nausea, blood pressure changes and new or changing moles.
- What do we still not know?
- Almost everything about safety over time. It is not approved anywhere and is sold only on the grey market.
Official status: Declined for the 503A bulks list · Checked 2026-04-22
Can a doctor prescribe this?
- Small pharmacy (503A)
- Never put forward to FDA
- Large outsourcing facility (503B)
- Never put forward to FDA
Not approved anywhere and declined for the 503A bulks list.
503A is a pharmacy making a single prescription for one patient. 503B is a facility making batches. They are governed by separate lists. Where a category is shown, it is a position on the FDA's list of substances that have been put forward and are still being worked through — not the final list, which is set by rulemaking. Category 1 means the FDA does not plan to act against a pharmacy that makes it while the review runs.
Lab suppliers we list: 12
Doses used in research
Taken word for word from the studies and trials listed on this page. This is not a recommendation and not a dose for anyone to take.
This is a sample, not the whole literature.
About 11,000 papers mentioning this compound have been published. We show a selected sample of 47 of them, not the full literature. How we choose them · count checked 2026-08-23
- Study in peopleEffect of an alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone analog on penile erection and sexual desire in men with organic erectile dysfunction.
Urology · 2000
- Study in peopleSynthetic melanotropic peptide initiates erections in men with psychogenic erectile dysfunction: double-blind, placebo controlled crossover study.
The Journal of urology · 1998
- Study in peopleEvaluation of melanotan-II, a superpotent cyclic melanotropic peptide in a pilot phase-I clinical study.
Life sciences · 1996
- Data from people, not a trialChanges in Oral Mucosa Associated with Melanotan II Injections: A Case Report.
Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
- Data from people, not a trialMelanotan II User Experience: A Qualitative Study of Online Discussion Forums.
Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021
- Data from people, not a trialMelanotan II: a possible cause of renal infarction: review of the literature and case report.
CEN case reports · 2020
- Data from people, not a trialMelanoma associated with the use of melanotan-II.
Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland) · 2014
- Data from people, not a trialMelanotan II injection resulting in systemic toxicity and rhabdomyolysis.
Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2012
- Animal study, rats or miceAntidepressant-like and antistress effects of the ACTH(4-10) synthetic analogs Semax and Melanotan II on male rats in a model of chronic unpredictable stress.
European journal of pharmacology · 2024
- Animal study, rats or miceTherapeutic Strategies Against Metabolic Imbalance in a Male Mouse Model With 5-HT2CR Loss-of-Function.
Endocrinology · 2024
- Animal study, rats or miceMelanocortin receptor agonist melanotan-II microinjected in the nucleus accumbens decreases appetitive and consumptive responding for food.
Neuropeptides · 2022
- Animal study, rats or miceMelanotan II, a melanocortin agonist, partially rescues the impaired thermogenic capacity of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide deficient mice.
Experimental physiology · 2021
- Animal study, rats or miceMelanotan-II reverses autistic features in a maternal immune activation mouse model of autism.
PloS one · 2019
- Animal study, rats or miceMelanotan II causes hypothermia in mice by activation of mast cells and stimulation of histamine 1 receptors.
American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2018
- Animal study, rats or miceEffect of Melanotan-II on Brain Fos Immunoreactivity and Oxytocin Neuronal Activity and Secretion in Rats.
Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2017
- Animal study, rats or miceEvidence that Melanocortin Receptor Agonist Melanotan-II Synergistically Augments the Ability of Naltrexone to Blunt Binge-Like Ethanol Intake in Male C57BL/6J Mice.
Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2015
- Animal study, rats or miceInhibitory Effect of the Melanocortin Receptor Agonist Melanotan-II (MTII) on Feeding Depends on Dietary Fat Content and not Obesity in Rats on Free-Choice Diets.
Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2015
- Animal study, rats or miceThe medial preoptic nucleus as a site of the thermogenic and metabolic actions of melanotan II in male rats.
American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2014
- Animal study, rats or miceThe protective effects of the melanocortin receptor (MCR) agonist, melanotan-II (MTII), against binge-like ethanol drinking are facilitated by deletion of the MC3 receptor in mice.
Neuropeptides · 2014
- Animal study, rats or miceFood intake reductions and increases in energetic responses by hindbrain leptin and melanotan II are enhanced in mice with POMC-specific PTP1B deficiency.
American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2012
- Animal study, rats or mice5-HT(2C) receptor activation is a common mechanism on proerectile effects of apomorphine, oxytocin and melanotan-II in rats.
European journal of pharmacology · 2008
- Animal study, rats or miceEffects of melanotan II, a melanocortin agonist, on grooming and exploration in rats after repeated restraint/immobilization.
Neuroscience letters · 2008
- Animal study, rats or miceEffects of ghrelin, corticotrophin-releasing hormone, and melanotan-II on food intake in rats with paraventricular nucleus lesions.
Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association · 2007
- Animal study, rats or miceThe melanocortin agonist, melanotan II, enhances proceptive sexual behaviors in the female rat.
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2006
- Animal study, rats or miceMelanotan-II: Investigation of the inducer and facilitator effects on penile erection in anaesthetized rat.
Neuroscience · 2006
- Animal study, rats or miceThe use of telemetry technology to test the proerectile effect of melanotan-II (MT-II) in conscious rats.
European urology · 2005
- Animal study, rats or miceIntracerebroventricular administration of melanotan II increases insulin sensitivity of glucose disposal in mice.
Diabetologia · 2005
- Studied in worms or fishMelanotan-II reverses memory impairment induced by a short-term HF diet.
Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2023
- Lab dish studyNanostructured porous silicon microparticles enable sustained peptide (Melanotan II) delivery.
European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V · 2011
- Lab test method, not a health studyLC-HRMS characterization of the skin pigmentation and sexual enhancers melanotan II and bremelanotide sold on the black market of performance and image enhancing drugs.
Drug testing and analysis · 2021
- Lab test method, not a health studyCombining MALDI mass spectrometry imaging and droplet-base surface sampling analysis for tissue distribution, metabolite profiling, and relative quantification of cyclic peptide melanotan II.
Analytica chimica acta · 2020
- Testing of products for sale, not a health studyIdentification and characterization by LC-UV-MS/MS of melanotan II skin-tanning products sold illegally on the Internet.
Drug testing and analysis · 2015
- Lab test method, not a health studyA liquid chromatographic/tandem mass spectroscopic method for quantification of the cyclic peptide melanotan-II. Plasma and brain tissue concentrations following administration in mice.
Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM · 2007
- Chemistry or materials paper, not a health studyThe first preparative solution phase synthesis of melanotan II.
Beilstein journal of organic chemistry · 2008
- 5-Hydroxypyrroloindoline Affords Tryptathionine and 2,2'-bis-Indole Peptide Staples: Application to Melanotan-II.
Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2024
- Barbie drug identification: Not a child's play.
Journal of forensic sciences · 2024
- CLIPSing Melanotan-II to Discover Multiple Functionally Selective hMCR Agonists.
Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2022
- No abstract available, not yet classifiedThe unregulated use of melanotan-II is of public health interest to Australian dermatologists.
The Australasian journal of dermatology · 2017
- Analogue of Melanotan II (MTII): A Novel Melanotropin with Superpotent Action on Frog Skin.
Protein and peptide letters · 2015
- No abstract available, not yet classifiedEruptive naevi and darkening of pre-existing naevi 24 h after a single mono-dose injection of melanotan II.
European journal of dermatology : EJD · 2014
- No abstract available, not yet classifiedMelanotan II overdose associated with priapism.
Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2013
- No abstract available, not yet classified[Eruptive nevi after injection of drugs marketed as melanotan II. The first two Swedish cases described].
Lakartidningen · 2013
- [Dermoscopic changes in melanocytic nevi during use of melanotan II].
Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete · 2012
- Review of earlier workDangers of Injectable Peptides and Other Unregulated "Biohacking" Drugs.
Missouri medicine · 2026
- Review of earlier workMelanotan II nasal spray: a possible risk factor for oral mucosal malignant melanoma?
International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery · 2025
- Review of earlier workResponse to letter to the editor regarding "melanotan II injection resulting in systemic toxicity and rhabdomyolysis" in Clinical Toxicology 2012; 50(10):1169-73.
Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2013
- Review of earlier workMelanocortin receptor agonists, penile erection, and sexual motivation: human studies with Melanotan II.
International journal of impotence research · 2000
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