GHK-Cu
Very early researchThe research is at the earliest stage – mostly cells in a lab dish. It is far too early to say much.
Also called Copper tripeptide-1 / Gly-His-Lys copper / Copper peptide
A three-part peptide that carries copper, studied in skin cells and used in cosmetics. Research beyond the lab dish is thin.
The basics
- What is it?
- A tiny three-part peptide that holds onto copper. It is found naturally in blood plasma.
- What do we know?
- In lab dishes and skin samples it changes which genes switch on and off in skin cells. It is widely used in cosmetics.
- What do we still not know?
- Whether it does anything meaningful when swallowed or injected. Almost all the work is in a lab dish.
Can a doctor prescribe this?
No. Pharmacies are not on record as being allowed to make this into a medicine.
The FDA has not approved this as a medicine.
Not FDA approved for therapeutic use and not on the 503A bulks list; sold cosmetically in topical products.
Official status: Not on the 503A bulks list. Checked 2026-05-20.
Lab suppliers we list: 16
Doses used in research
Taken word for word from the studies and trials listed on this page. This is not a recommendation and not a dose for anyone to take.
In human trials
0.5 g
on the skin · once daily · for 14 days
Topical GHK-Cu Gel for Acute Skin Wound HealingPHASE2 · NCT07437586
“0.5 g) once daily for 14 days..”
In animal studies
15 mg/kg
mice · nasal spray
Middle-aged mice treated with GHK-Cu peptide administered intraperitoneally or intranasally show behavioral rescue but divergent hippocampal aging programsJournal not recorded · 2026
“Aged C57BL/6J mice (20–21 months) received GHK-Cu (15 mg/kg) via short-term intraperitoneal (IP; 5 days) or longer-term intranasal (IN; 8 weeks) administration.”
15 mg/kg
mice · nasal spray
Middle-aged mice treated with GHK-Cu peptide administered intraperitoneally or intranasally show behavioral rescue but divergent hippocampal aging programsJournal not recorded · 2026
“Aged C57BL/6J mice (20-21 months) received GHK-Cu (15 mg/kg) via short-term intraperitoneal (IP; 5 days) or longer-term intranasal (IN; 8 weeks) administration.”
15 mg/kg
mice · nasal spray · 3 times per week · for 3 months
Behavioral and neuropathological features of Alzheimer's disease are attenuated in 5xFAD mice treated with intranasal GHK peptide.Aging pathobiology and therapeutics · 2024
“Male and female 5xFAD transgenic mice on the C57BL/6J background at 4 months of age were given 15 mg/kg GHK-Cu intranasally 3 times per week for 3 months until 7 months of age.”
See source wording
mice · another route
Protective effects of GHK-Cu in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammation pathways.Life sciences · 2020
“Methods BLM (3 mg/kg) was administered via tracheal instillation (TI) to induce a pulmonary fibrosis model in C57BL/6j mice 21 days after the challenge of BLM.”
See source wording
rats · another route · once a week · for 4 weeks
Tripeptide-copper complex GHK-Cu (II) transiently improved healing outcome in a rat model of ACL reconstruction.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2015
“Seventy-two rats underwent unilateral ACLR were randomized to saline, 0.3 or 3 mg/ml GHK-Cu groups (n = 24).”
8 mcg/mL
mice ·
Palmitoyl copper peptide and acetyl tyrosine complex enhances melanin production in both A375 and B16 cell lines.Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 2025
“Firstly, the cytotoxicity of CP-AcT at various concentrations (0-8 μg/mL) on HaCat, HFF, A375, and B16 cells was evaluated.”
- Middle-aged mice treated with GHK-Cu peptide administered intraperitoneally or intranasally show behavioral rescue but divergent hippocampal aging programs
Animal study, rats or mice
Journal not recorded · 2026
- Middle-aged mice treated with GHK-Cu peptide administered intraperitoneally or intranasally show behavioral rescue but divergent hippocampal aging programs
Animal study, rats or mice
Journal not recorded · 2026
- Behavioral and neuropathological features of Alzheimer's disease are attenuated in 5xFAD mice treated with intranasal GHK peptide.
Animal study, rats or mice
Aging pathobiology and therapeutics · 2024
- Protective effects of GHK-Cu in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammation pathways.
Animal study, rats or mice
Life sciences · 2020
- GHK-Cu-liposomes accelerate scald wound healing in mice by promoting cell proliferation and angiogenesis.
Animal study, rats or mice
Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair Society · 2017
- Tripeptide-copper complex GHK-Cu (II) transiently improved healing outcome in a rat model of ACL reconstruction.
Animal study, rats or mice
Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2015
- Microenvironment-responsive injectable dynamic hydrogel for sequential antioxidant and tissue regeneration therapy of radiation-induced skin injury.
Lab dish study
Bioactive materials · 2026
- Golgi-targeted copper delivery strategy via enhancing copper-dependent proteins' activity for fascia regeneration.
Lab dish study
Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2026
- An injectable hydroxyapatite microsphere filler loaded with GHK-Cu tripeptide for anti-Inflammatory and antioxidant.
Lab dish study
Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces · 2025
- Palmitoyl copper peptide and acetyl tyrosine complex enhances melanin production in both A375 and B16 cell lines.
Lab dish study
Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 2025
- Liposomes as Carriers of GHK-Cu Tripeptide for Cosmetic Application.
Lab dish study
Pharmaceutics · 2023
- Polyaspartic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-Methyl propane sulfonic acid and sodium alginate based biocompatible stimuli responsive polymer gel for controlled release of GHK-Cu peptide for wound healing.
Lab dish study
Journal of biomaterials applications · 2022
- Enhanced biological properties of collagen/chitosan-coated poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffold by surface modification with GHK-Cu peptide and 58S bioglass.
Lab dish study
Progress in biomaterials · 2020
- In Vitro and in Vivo Studies of pH-Sensitive GHK-Cu-Incorporated Polyaspartic and Polyacrylic Acid Superabsorbent Polymer.
Lab dish study
ACS omega · 2019
- The tri-peptide GHK-Cu complex ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice.
Lab dish study
Oncotarget · 2016
- The Laccase-like Property of GHK-Cu and Its Applications in Colorimetric Sensing of Phenolic Compounds.
Biosensors · 2026
- A <i>Torilis japonica</i> Extract-GHK-Cu Complex Attenuates Th2 Cytokines and Promotes Keratinocyte Recovery: A Potential Antioxidant Strategy for Atopic Dermatitis.
Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
- The GHK-Cu delays aging in Caenorhabditis elegans via coordinated regulation of mitochondrial function and activation of DAF-16/SKN-1 pathways.
Biogerontology · 2026
- Glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2<sup>+</sup> (GHK-Cu) Attenuates CuSO<sub>4</sub> or LPS induced-inflammation in Zebrafish larvae model.
European journal of pharmacology · 2026
- Copper peptide activated cascade catalysis for glucose regulation and hypoxia reversing in infected diabetic wound healing.
Materials today. Bio · 2026
- Hierarchical regulation and mechanism of "open-hollow-fibrous network" structures: Osteogenic-angiogenic coupling responses of poly(γ-benzyl-L-glutamate) microspheres.
Biomaterials advances · 2026
- Self-Assembled Mesoporous Scaffold Enabled Hybrid Hole-Transport Layer for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
Journal not recorded · 2026
- Multi-Target Restoration of Dermal Elastic Fibers Through Elastin Upregulation, Elastase Suppression, and Scaffold Reinforcement.
Current issues in molecular biology · 2026
- Evaluation of Research Grade Peptides Marketed Directly to Consumers Reveals Extensive Variability in Purity and Measured Abundance
Journal not recorded · 2026
- Smart Healing for Wound Repair: Emerging Multifunctional Strategies in Personalized Regenerative Medicine and Their Relevance to Orthopedics.
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
- Are We Ready to Measure Skin Permeation of Modern Antiaging GHK-Cu Tripeptide Encapsulated in Liposomes?
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
- Food-Derived Tripeptide-Copper Self-Healing Hydrogel for Infected Wound Healing.
Biomaterials research · 2025
- Novel Applications of CE-ICP-MS/MS: Monitoring of Antiaging GHK-Cu Cosmetic Component Encapsulation in Liposomes.
Electrophoresis · 2024
- Phenothiazine-Based Cu(II)-Selective Fluorescent Sensor: GHK-Cu Sensing Applications.
The Journal of organic chemistry · 2023
- Synergy of GHK-Cu and hyaluronic acid on collagen IV upregulation via fibroblast and ex-vivo skin tests.
Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2023
- Efficient Ternary Polymer Solar Cells with Tunable Crystallinity and Phase Separation of Active Layers via Incorporating GHK-Cu.
ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2021
- Electrophoretic deposition of GHK-Cu loaded MSN-chitosan coatings with pH-responsive release of copper and its bioactivity.
Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications · 2019
- Regenerative and Protective Actions of the GHK-Cu Peptide in the Light of the New Gene Data.
International journal of molecular sciences · 2018
- Therapeutic peptides in gerontology: mechanisms and applications for healthy aging.
Review of earlier work
Frontiers in aging · 2026
- Safety and Efficacy of Approved and Unapproved Peptide Therapies for Musculoskeletal Injuries and Athletic Performance
Review of earlier work
Journal not recorded · 2026
- Safety and Efficacy of Approved and Unapproved Peptide Therapies for Musculoskeletal Injuries and Athletic Performance.
Review of earlier work
Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026
- Therapeutic Peptides in Orthopaedics: Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions.
Review of earlier work
Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews · 2026
- Injectable Peptide Therapy: A Primer for Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Physicians.
Review of earlier work
The American journal of sports medicine · 2026
- Exploring the beneficial effects of GHK-Cu on an experimental model of colitis and the underlying mechanisms.
Review of earlier work
Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025
- Topically applied GHK as an anti-wrinkle peptide: Advantages, problems and prospective.
Review of earlier work
BioImpacts : BI · 2025
- Safety and Efficacy of Approved and Unapproved Peptide Therapies for Musculoskeletal Injuries and Athletic Performance
Review of earlier work
Journal not recorded · 2025
- The human tripeptide GHK-Cu in prevention of oxidative stress and degenerative conditions of aging: implications for cognitive health.
Review of earlier work
Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2012