BPC-157
Almost all animal studiesGet notified when the evidence changes.
Almost all the research is in animals. There is at least one small study in people, but nobody was compared against an untreated group, so it cannot tell us much on its own.
Compiled and reviewed by the PeptideSearch Editorial Team · Status checked 2026-08-04
Also called Body Protection Compound 157 / PL 14736 / Bepecin
A lab-made peptide studied for wound and gut healing, almost entirely in rats and mice. Human research is very limited and it is not approved as a medicine anywhere.
The basics
- What is it?
- A lab-made chain of 15 amino acids, copied from part of a protein found in human stomach fluid. It is sold as a research chemical, not as a medicine.
- What do we know?
- Most of what we know comes from rats and mice. In those animals, cuts and tears in tendon, muscle, gut and blood vessel walls tend to close faster when BPC-157 is given. That pattern has been repeated in many separate animal experiments.
- What do we still not know?
- Almost everything about people. Our library holds one small study in people: 12 women with bladder pain, with no comparison group. A safety study in healthy volunteers has been registered, and a Phase 2 trial in hamstring injuries is recruiting, but neither has reported results. There is no agreed dose and no long-term safety record in humans. Much of the writing about BPC-157 is review articles going back over the same animal work, not new evidence.
Watch: what the research shows
BPC-157: What The FDA Panel Actually Voted On
An FDA advisory panel voted 8-6 to recommend BPC-157 for compounding, against the agency's own scientists. Here's what that changes, and what it doesn't. Our library holds 93 papers on BPC-157, 1 of them done in people.
Official status: Not nominated for 503A compounding · Checked 2026-08-04
Can a doctor prescribe this?
- Small pharmacy (503A)
- An FDA panel said yes — nothing has changed yet
- Large outsourcing facility (503B)
- Never put forward to FDA
Anything sold under this name is sold as a research chemical, not as a treatment.
503A is a pharmacy making a single prescription for one patient. 503B is a facility making batches. They are governed by separate lists. Where a category is shown, it is a position on the FDA's list of substances that have been put forward and are still being worked through — not the final list, which is set by rulemaking. Category 1 means the FDA does not plan to act against a pharmacy that makes it while the review runs.
What FDA actually looked at
FDA reviewed this peptide for Ulcerative colitis. That is a narrower question than the uses this peptide is usually marketed for.
What happens next
FDA has not said whether it will move BPC-157 into Category 1 while it decides. It also has not started the formal rulemaking process.
Category 1 is the only thing that would let pharmacies make BPC-157 before rulemaking finishes. FDA has given no date. Rulemaking on its own takes more than a year, and FDA has finished this process for only about ten substances in nearly a decade.
The July 2026 vote covered the 503A list only. FDA has not scheduled any review of BPC-157 for the separate 503B list.
503B outsourcing facilities are the only way a peptide reaches large-scale telehealth supply. That list is a separate process with a different legal standard, and nothing has moved on it.
Lab suppliers we list: 17
Doses used in research
Taken word for word from the studies and trials listed on this page. This is not a recommendation and not a dose for anyone to take.
- Study in peopleEffect of BPC-157 on Symptoms in Patients with Interstitial Cystitis: A Pilot Study.
The only study in people we have found. 12 women with bladder pain, injected once during a scope procedure. No comparison group and symptoms were self-reported, so the result is a promising signal, not proof.
Alternative therapies in health and medicine · 2024
- Animal study, rats or miceEffects of BPC-157 and TB-500 on Achilles tendon healing in rats: A histopathological and biomechanical study.
Rat study of cut and repaired Achilles tendons, 32 animals. Tendon tissue looked better than untreated controls, but the strength gain did not reach statistical significance for BPC-157 on its own.
Joint diseases and related surgery · 2026
- Animal study, rats or miceStable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as a Therapy of Severe Electrolyte Disturbances in Rats.
Publisher lists this as a review article. It exists in two versions: an earlier version was withdrawn (DOI 10.2174/011570159x349612241205065330), and this later version stands.
Current neuropharmacology · 2026
- Animal study, rats or miceThe anti-nociceptive effect of BPC-157 on the incisional pain model in rats.
Rat study of pain after a surgical cut. Three doses were compared against saline and morphine.
Journal of dental anesthesia and pain medicine · 2022
- Animal study, rats or miceStable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as a Therapy for the Disable Myotendinous Junctions in Rats.
Rat study of the join between muscle and tendon after it was cut through. This is the animal work most often cited for sports injuries.
Biomedicines · 2021
- Animal study, rats or miceProtective effects of BPC 157 in rats with experimentally induced lower extremity ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Scientific reports · 2026
- Animal study, rats or miceUnilateral Adrenalectomy, and the Stable Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as Therapy in Rats-A Cytoprotection Approach.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
- Animal study, rats or miceTracheocutaneous Fistula Resolved by Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 Therapy Through the NO-System-Triple NO-Agent Approach in Rats.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
- Animal study, rats or miceFourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic Characterization of Aortic Wall Remodeling by Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 After Unilateral Adrenalectomy in Rats.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
- Animal study, rats or miceProtective Effects of BPC 157 on Liver, Kidney, and Lung Distant Organ Damage in Rats with Experimental Lower-Extremity Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025
- Animal study, rats or miceChallenge of Corneal Ulcer Healing: A Novel Conceptual Framework, the "Triad" of Corneal Ulcer Healing/Corneal Neovascularization/Intraocular Pressure, and Avascular Tendon Healing, for Evaluation of Corneal Ulcer Therapy, Therapy of Neovascularization, Glaucoma Therapy, and Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 Efficacy.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
- Animal study, rats or miceStable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as Therapy After Surgical Detachment of the Quadriceps Muscle from Its Attachments for Muscle-to-Bone Reattachment in Rats.
Pharmaceutics · 2025
- Animal study, rats or miceDuodenocolic fistula healing by pentadecapeptide BPC 157 in rats. A cytoprotection viewpoint.
Journal of physiology and pharmacology : an official journal of the Polish Physiological Society · 2024
- Animal study, rats or miceStable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157-Possible Novel Therapy of Glaucoma and Other Ocular Conditions.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
- Animal study, rats or micePentadecapeptide BPC 157 as Therapy for Inferior Caval Vein Embolization: Recovery of Sodium Laurate-Post-Embolization Syndrome in Rats.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
- Animal study, rats or miceAntiarrhythmic Sotalol, Occlusion/Occlusion-like Syndrome in Rats, and Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 Therapy.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
- Animal study, rats or miceStable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 May Recover Brain-Gut Axis and Gut-Brain Axis Function.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
- Animal study, rats or miceStable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 Therapy: Effect on Reperfusion Following Maintained Intra-Abdominal Hypertension (Grade III and IV) in Rats.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
- Animal study, rats or miceStomach perforation-induced general occlusion/occlusion-like syndrome and stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 therapy effect.
World journal of gastroenterology · 2023
- Animal study, rats or miceInnate Vascular Failure by Application of Neuroleptics, Amphetamine, and Domperidone Rapidly Induced Severe Occlusion/Occlusion-like Syndromes in Rats and Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as Therapy.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
- Animal study, rats or miceFourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Reveals Molecular Changes in Blood Vessels of Rats Treated with Pentadecapeptide BPC 157.
Biomedicines · 2022
- Animal study, rats or miceBPC 157, L-NAME, L-Arginine, NO-Relation, in the Suited Rat Ketamine Models Resembling "Negative-Like" Symptoms of Schizophrenia.
Biomedicines · 2022
- Animal study, rats or miceStable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 Therapy of Rat Glaucoma.
Biomedicines · 2021
- Animal study, rats or miceStable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 and Wound Healing.
Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021
- Animal study, rats or miceModulatory effects of BPC 157 on vasomotor tone and the activation of Src-Caveolin-1-endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway.
Scientific reports · 2020
- Animal study, rats or miceThe effect of pentadecapeptide BPC 157 on hippocampal ischemia/reperfusion injuries in rats.
Brain and behavior · 2020
- Animal study, rats or micePentadecapeptide BPC 157 resolves Pringle maneuver in rats, both ischemia and reperfusion.
World journal of hepatology · 2020
- Animal study, rats or miceStable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 in the therapy of the rats with bile duct ligation.
European journal of pharmacology · 2019
- Animal study, rats or miceRat inferior caval vein (ICV) ligature and particular new insights with the stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157.
Vascular pharmacology · 2018
- Animal study, rats or miceStable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 in the treatment of colitis and ischemia and reperfusion in rats: New insights.
World journal of gastroenterology · 2017
- Animal study, rats or miceCelecoxib-induced gastrointestinal, liver and brain lesions in rats, counteraction by BPC 157 or L-arginine, aggravation by L-NAME.
World journal of gastroenterology · 2017
- Animal study, rats or miceCyclophosphamide induced stomach and duodenal lesions as a NO-system disturbance in rats: L-NAME, L-arginine, stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157.
Inflammopharmacology · 2017
- Animal study, rats or miceEffects of Diclofenac, L-NAME, L-Arginine, and Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 on Gastrointestinal, Liver, and Brain Lesions, Failed Anastomosis, and Intestinal Adaptation Deterioration in 24 Hour-Short-Bowel Rats.
PloS one · 2016
- Animal study, rats or miceBrain-gut Axis and Pentadecapeptide BPC 157: Theoretical and Practical Implications.
Current neuropharmacology · 2016
- Animal study, rats or micePentadecapeptide BPC 157 Reduces Bleeding and Thrombocytopenia after Amputation in Rats Treated with Heparin, Warfarin, L-NAME and L-Arginine.
PloS one · 2015
- Animal study, rats or micePentadecapeptide BPC 157 enhances the growth hormone receptor expression in tendon fibroblasts.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2014
- Animal study, rats or miceStable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 heals cysteamine-colitis and colon-colon-anastomosis and counteracts cuprizone brain injuries and motor disability.
Journal of physiology and pharmacology : an official journal of the Polish Physiological Society · 2013
- Animal study, rats or miceMortal hyperkalemia disturbances in rats are NO-system related. The life saving effect of pentadecapeptide BPC 157.
Regulatory peptides · 2013
- Animal study, rats or micePentadecapeptide BPC 157 and the esophagocutaneous fistula healing therapy.
European journal of pharmacology · 2013
- Animal study, rats or micePentadecapeptide BPC 157 reduces bleeding time and thrombocytopenia after amputation in rats treated with heparin, warfarin or aspirin.
Thrombosis research · 2012
- Animal study, rats or micePentadecapeptide BPC 157 and its effects on a NSAID toxicity model: diclofenac-induced gastrointestinal, liver, and encephalopathy lesions.
Life sciences · 2011
- Animal study, rats or miceIbuprofen hepatic encephalopathy, hepatomegaly, gastric lesion and gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 in rats.
European journal of pharmacology · 2011
- Animal study, rats or miceStable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157: novel therapy in gastrointestinal tract.
Current pharmaceutical design · 2011
- Animal study, rats or miceHigh hepatotoxic dose of paracetamol produces generalized convulsions and brain damage in rats. A counteraction with the stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 (PL 14736).
Journal of physiology and pharmacology : an official journal of the Polish Physiological Society · 2010
- Animal study, rats or miceInhibition of methyldigoxin-induced arrhythmias by pentadecapeptide BPC 157: a relation with NO-system.
Regulatory peptides · 2009
- Animal study, rats or miceEffective therapy of transected quadriceps muscle in rat: Gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157.
Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2006
- Animal study, rats or miceDoxorubicine-congestive heart failure-increased big endothelin-1 plasma concentration: reversal by amlodipine, losartan, and gastric pentadecapeptide BPC157 in rat and mouse.
Journal of pharmacological sciences · 2004
- Animal study, rats or miceGastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 accelerates healing of transected rat Achilles tendon and in vitro stimulates tendocytes growth.
Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2003
- Animal study, rats or micePentadecapeptide BPC 157 cream improves burn-wound healing and attenuates burn-gastric lesions in mice.
Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries · 2001
- Animal study, rats or micePentadecapeptide BPC 157 attenuates disturbances induced by neuroleptics: the effect on catalepsy and gastric ulcers in mice and rats.
European journal of pharmacology · 1999
- Animal study, larger animalsOsteogenic effect of a gastric pentadecapeptide, BPC-157, on the healing of segmental bone defect in rabbits: a comparison with bone marrow and autologous cortical bone implantation.
Bone · 1999
- Animal study, rats or miceThe beneficial effect of BPC 157, a 15 amino acid peptide BPC fragment, on gastric and duodenal lesions induced by restraint stress, cysteamine and 96% ethanol in rats. A comparative study with H2 receptor antagonists, dopamine promotors and gut peptides.
Life sciences · 1994
- Animal study, rats or miceHepatoprotective effect of BPC 157, a 15-amino acid peptide, on liver lesions induced by either restraint stress or bile duct and hepatic artery ligation or CCl4 administration. A comparative study with dopamine agonists and somatostatin.
Life sciences · 1993
- Human tissue in a dish, not peopleEndothelium-Dependent Nitric Oxide-Mediated Vasorelaxant Effects of BPC 157 in Human Internal Mammary Artery.
Human artery rings in a lab bath, taken from 12 people during heart bypass surgery. The tissue was human but the peptide was never given to a person.
Journal of clinical medicine · 2026
- Lab dish studyStable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as a Therapy and Safety Key: A Special Beneficial Pleiotropic Effect Controlling and Modulating Angiogenesis and the NO-System.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
- Lab dish studyTherapeutic potential of pro-angiogenic BPC157 is associated with VEGFR2 activation and up-regulation.
Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2017
- Lab dish studyBody protective compound-157 enhances alkali-burn wound healing in vivo and promotes proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis in vitro.
Drug design, development and therapy · 2015
- Lab dish studyThe promoting effect of pentadecapeptide BPC 157 on tendon healing involves tendon outgrowth, cell survival, and cell migration.
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2011
- Lab dish studyThe influence of a novel pentadecapeptide, BPC 157, on N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methylester and L-arginine effects on stomach mucosa integrity and blood pressure.
European journal of pharmacology · 1997
- Lab test method, not a health studyStable Isotope Labeling-Based Nontargeted Strategy for Characterization of the In Vitro Metabolic Profile of a Novel Doping BPC-157 in Doping Control by UHPLC-HRMS.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
- Hypothesis, not a tested studyBPC 157 as Potential Treatment for COVID-19.
Medical hypotheses · 2021
- Hypothesis, not a tested studyEnhancement by PL 14736 of granulation and collagen organization in healing wounds and the potential role of egr-1 expression.
European journal of pharmacology · 2007
- BPC-157 and Its Novel Hybrid Analogs as Inhibitors of Acetylcholinesterase.
International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
- From Regeneration to Analgesia: The Role of BPC-157 in Tissue Repair and Pain Management.
International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
- Fabrication and characterization of biocompatible BPC-157 based chitosan hydrogel.
3 Biotech · 2026
- Rising Use of Unapproved BPC-157 (“Wolverine Peptide”) and Associated Patient-Reported Outcomes Curated from Clinical Notes
2026
- The Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 Pleiotropic Beneficial Activity and Its Possible Relations with Neurotransmitter Activity.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
- No abstract available, not yet classifiedStable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157: Prompt Particular Activation of Collateral Pathways.
Current medicinal chemistry · 2023
- Novel Cytoprotective Mediator, Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157. Vascular Recruitment and Gastrointestinal Tract Healing.
Current pharmaceutical design · 2018
- Toxicity by NSAIDs. Counteraction by stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157.
Current pharmaceutical design · 2013
- Focus on ulcerative colitis: stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157.
Current medicinal chemistry · 2012
- The influence of BPC 157 on nitric oxide agonist and antagonist induced lesions in broiler chicks.
Journal of physiology, Paris · 1997
- Review of earlier workBPC-157 as an Investigational Peptide Therapeutic: Biopharmaceutical Challenges, Formulation Strategies, and Translational Development Barriers.
Pharmaceutics · 2026
- Review of earlier workCytoprotection as a Unifying Strategy for Hemorrhage and Thrombosis: The Role of BPC 157 and Related Therapeutics.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
- Review of earlier workTendon, Ligament, and Muscle Injury, Osteotendinous, Myotendinous, and Muscle-to-Bone Junction Therapy Perspectives with Growth Factors and Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157-A Review.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
- Review of earlier workConventional Antiarrhythmics Class I-IV, Late INa Inhibitors, IKs Enhancers, RyR2 Stabilizers, Gap Junction Modulators, Atrial-Selective Antiarrhythmics, and Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as Useful Cytoprotective Therapy in Arrhythmias.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
- Review of earlier workEmerging Use of BPC-157 in Orthopaedic Sports Medicine: A Systematic Review.
HSS journal : the musculoskeletal journal of Hospital for Special Surgery · 2025
- Review of earlier workRegeneration or Risk? A Narrative Review of BPC-157 for Musculoskeletal Healing.
Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine · 2025
- Review of earlier workMultifunctionality and Possible Medical Application of the BPC 157 Peptide-Literature and Patent Review.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
- Review of earlier workBPC 157 Therapy: Targeting Angiogenesis and Nitric Oxide's Cytotoxic and Damaging Actions, but Maintaining, Promoting, or Recovering Their Essential Protective Functions. Comment on Józwiak et al. Multifunctionality and Possible Medical Application of the BPC 157 Peptide-Literature and Patent Review. <i>Pharmaceuticals</i> 2025, <i>18</i>, 185.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
- Review of earlier workAcute Compartment Syndrome and Intra-Abdominal Hypertension, Decompression, Current Pharmacotherapy, and Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 Solution.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
- Review of earlier workBPC-157 Binding to SH3 Domains and Activation of Src Family Kinases: In Silico Modeling and Fluorescent Fusion Protein Production
2025
- Review of earlier workReply to Sikiric et al. BPC 157 Therapy: Targeting Angiogenesis and Nitric Oxide's Cytotoxic and Damaging Actions, but Maintaining, Promoting, or Recovering Their Essential Protective Functions. Comment on "Józwiak et al. Multifunctionality and Possible Medical Application of the BPC 157 Peptide-Literature and Patent Review. <i>Pharmaceuticals</i> 2025, <i>18</i>, 185".
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
- Review of earlier workConcerning BPC-157, a natural pentadecapeptide, that acts as a cytoprotectant and is believed to protect the gastro-intestinal tract (GIT).
Inflammopharmacology · 2025
- Review of earlier workStable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 and Intestinal Anastomoses Therapy in Rats-A Review.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
- Review of earlier workStable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 and Striated, Smooth, and Heart Muscle.
Biomedicines · 2022
- Review of earlier workPentadecapeptide BPC 157 and the central nervous system.
Neural regeneration research · 2022
- Review of earlier workBPC 157 Rescued NSAID-cytotoxicity Via Stabilizing Intestinal Permeability and Enhancing Cytoprotection.
Current pharmaceutical design · 2020
- Review of earlier workBPC 157 and Standard Angiogenic Growth Factors. Gastrointestinal Tract Healing, Lessons from Tendon, Ligament, Muscle and Bone Healing.
Current pharmaceutical design · 2018
- Review of earlier workStable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157-NO-system relation.
Current pharmaceutical design · 2014
- Review of earlier workRevised Robert's cytoprotection and adaptive cytoprotection and stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157. Possible significance and implications for novel mediator.
Current pharmaceutical design · 2010
- Review of earlier workBeneficial effect of a novel pentadecapeptide BPC 157 on gastric lesions induced by restraint stress, ethanol, indomethacin, and capsaicin neurotoxicity.
Digestive diseases and sciences · 1996
- Retracted or withdrawn, not evidenceWithdrawn: Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 as a Therapy of Severe Electrolyte Disturbances in Rats
Withdrawn version of the review listed above; kept on the page for the record and excluded from all counts and evidence tiers.
Current neuropharmacology · 2025
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What has happened so far
- 23 July 2026503A
In its briefing document, FDA proposed that BPC-157 NOT be included on the 503A Bulks List. FDA staff cited a lack of reliable data.
FDA briefing documentnot yet verified against primary source
- 23 July 2026503A
The 14-member advisory committee voted 8-6 with one abstention to recommend BPC-157 for the 503A Bulks List, going against FDA's own scientists. The vote is advisory only. It does not make BPC-157 an approved drug and does not on its own let any pharmacy compound it.
8–6, 1 abstained
Press reportnot yet verified against primary source
- 16 April 2026503A
FDA published a Federal Register notice announcing a Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee meeting for July 23-24, 2026 at the White Oak campus, to consider seven peptides for the 503A Bulks List.
Federal Registernot yet verified against primary source